Bekhorot 59

תרבא דאטמא במר דכנתא קנסיה רבא לזבוני אפי' אמגוזי

kidney fat for the fat of ileum.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The former fat is prohibited, the latter permitted, v. Hul. 48b.');">¹</span>

אמר ליה רב פפא לרבא

Raba punished him by forbidding him to sell even nuts.

כמאן כרבי יהודה

Said R'Papa to Raba: What opinion does this represent?

אי כרבי יהודה אפי' מים ומלח נמי

R'Judah's!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Who punishes by forbidding to buy in all cases.');">²</span>

לעולם ר' שמעון ובאיסורא דגופיה קנסינן ליה

If it is the opinion of R'Judah, then the prohibition should apply even to water and salt?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And why therefore did Raba penalize him only as regards nuts.');">³</span>

סתם דרדקי גרו באמגוזי ואזיל ומשבש לבני טבחי וגרי להו באמגוזי ומייתו ליה תרבא דאטמא ומזבין ליה במר דכנתא:

- It may still represent the opinion of R'Simeon, and we punish him through the very object which caused the offence.

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> החשוד על השביעית אינו חשוד על המעשרות החשוד על המעשרות אינו חשוד על השביעית החשוד על זה ועל זה חשוד על הטהרות

Young children are generally attracted by nuts.

ויש שהוא חשוד על הטהרות ואינו חשוד לא על זה ולא על זה

He goes and misleads the children of butchers, attracting them by means of nuts.

זה הכלל

They bring him kidney fat<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Stolen from their father's houses.');">⁴</span>

החשוד על דבר לא דנו ולא מעידו:

and he sells it for the fat of ileum.

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> מאי טעמא

<big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>ONE WHO IS SUSPECTED OF IGNORING THE SABBATICAL YEAR IS NOT SUSPECTED OF IGNORING [ALSO] THE TITHES.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The fruits in other years, however, may be bought from him.');">⁵</span>

שביעית לא בעיא חומה מעשר כיון דבעי חומה חמיר ליה:

ONE WHO IS SUSPECTED OF IGNORING TITHES IS NOT SUSPECTED OF IGNORING [ALSO] THE SABBATICAL YEAR'ONE WHO IS SUSPECTED OF IGNORING BOTH IS SUSPECTED OF IGNORING THE RULES OF LEVITICAL PURITY.

החשוד על המעשר:

AND IT IS POSSIBLE FOR ONE TO BE SUSPECTED OF IGNORING THE RULES OF LEVITICAL PURITY AND YET NOT SUSPECTED OF IGNORING THE TWO LAWS [CITED ABOVE].

מאי טעמא

THIS IS THE GENERAL RULE: ONE WHO IS SUSPECTED OF IGNORING A RELIGIOUS LAW MUST NOT GIVE JUDGMENT ON IT OR TESTIFY CONCERNING IT.

מעשר אית ליה פדיון שביעית כיון דקא מיתסרא ליה ולית ליה פדיון חמירא ליה:

<big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>What is the reason? - Fruits of the sabbatical year are not required to be eaten within the walls [of Jerusalem],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Scripture saying: And thou shalt eat before the Lord thy God, etc. (Deut. XIV, 23) .');">⁶</span>

החשוד על זה ועל זה:

whereas tithes are required to be eaten within the walls and therefore the rule is more stringent with regard to them.

כיון דחשיד אדאורייתא כ"ש אדרבנן:

ONE WHO IS SUSPECTED OF IGNORING TITHES.

ויש חשוד על הטהרות:

What is the reason? - The tithe can be redeemed, whereas fruit of the sabbatical year is forbidden to him<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To do business with.');">⁷</span>

מאי טעמא

and cannot be redeemed;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For no matter how many successive exchanges of the fruit of the sabbatical year took place, only the last object is invested with restrictions of the sabbatical year whereas the fruit of the sabbatical year itself always remains forbidden (R. Gershom) .');">⁸</span>

נהי אדרבנן חשיד אדאורייתא לא חשיד

and therefore the rule is more stringent in regard to it.

ורמינהי

ONE WHO IS SUSPECTED OF IGNORING BOTH LAWS.

נאמן על הטהרות נאמן על שביעית

Since he is suspected of ignoring both laws of biblical enactment, how much more so is he suspected of ignoring a rabbinic enactment [like eating hullin levitically prepared]?

הא חשיד חשיד

AND IT IS POSSIBLE FOR ONE WHO IS SUSPECTED OF IGNORING THE RULES OF LEVITICAL PURITY.

א"ר אילעי

What is the reason? - Even though he is suspected of ignoring a rabbinic enactment,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the eating of hullin (ordinary food and not terumah) with levitical cleanness is only a rabbinical injunction.');">⁹</span>

מתני' כשראינוהו שנוהג בצינעא בתוך ביתו

he is not suspected of ignoring a biblical enactment.

ר' ינאי ברבי ישמעאל אמר

The following was cited in contradiction: One who can be relied upon in respect of the rules of purity, is relied upon with respect to the sabbatical year and tithes.

כגון דהוה חשיד לתרוייהו ואתא קמי רבנן וקביל אתרוייהו והדר איחשד אחד מינייהו

This allows the inference that one who is suspected of ignoring [the rules of levitical purity] is suspected [of ignoring the laws just cited]! - Said R'Elai: The Mishnah refers to a case where we saw him practise privately at home.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The regulation pertaining to tithes and the sabbatical year and therefore the Mishnah states that he is not suspected of disregarding them in public, albeit he ignores the rules of levitical purity.');">¹⁰</span>

דאמרינן מיגו דחשיד אהא חשיד נמי אאידך

R'Jannai son of R'Ishmael said: [The Baraitha refers to a case] where e.g. , he was suspected of ignoring both the sabbatical year and levitical purity, and he came before the Rabbis and received a warning concerning both of them; and subsequently he was again suspected of ignoring one of them.

אמר רבה בר בר חנה אמר רבי יוחנן

We then hold that since he is suspected of ignoring the one, he is also suspected of ignoring the other.

זו דברי ר' עקיבא סתימתאה אבל חכמים אומרים

Rabbah B'Bar Hana reported in the name of R'Johanan: Those are the words<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That one who is suspected of ignoring the sabbatical year is not suspected of disregarding the law of tithes.');">¹¹</span>

חשוד על השביעית חשוד על המעשר

of R'Akiba, whose opinion has been adopted without naming him; but the Sages say: One who is suspected of ignoring the laws of the sabbatical year is suspected of ignoring the laws of tithes.

מאן חכמים

Who are the Sages [referred to]? - R'Judah, for in the place of R'Judah the sabbatical year was strictly observed by the people.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Consequently, if one was suspected of disregarding the sabbatical law he was certainly suspected with regard to tithes, since the former was kept more strictly in R. Judah's locality.');">¹²</span>

רבי יהודה דבאתריה דר' יהודה שביעית חמירא להו

For there was a certain party<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the place of R. Judah.');">¹³</span>

דההוא דהוה קרי ליה לחבריה דיירא בר דיירתא א"ל

who called after his companion: proselyte son of a proselyte, and the latter retorted 'May I merit [divine reward] as I have not eaten the fruits of the sabbatical year like you'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And since he boasts of this, we see that in that place, the sabbatical law was held strictly. Another explanation is: May a curse come to me if I partook of the fruits of the sabbatical year, as you have done.');">¹⁴</span>

תיתי לי דלא אכלי פירות שביעית כוותך

Some there are who say: Rabbah B'Bar Hana reported in the name of R'Johanan: Those are the words of R'Akiba whose opinion has been adopted without naming him; but the Sages say: One who is suspected of ignoring tithes is suspected of ignoring the law of the sabbatical year.

איכא דאמרי אמר רבה בר בר חנה אמר ר' יוחנן

And who are the Sages [referred to]?

זו דברי ר' עקיבא סתימתאה אבל חכמים אומרים

It is R'Meir who said: One who is suspected of ignoring one religious law is suspected of disregarding the whole Torah.

חשוד על המעשר חשוד על השביעית

R'Jonah and R'Jeremiah, the pupils of R'Ze'ira, or according to others, R'Jonah and R'Ze'ira, pupils of Johanan [reported differently].

ומאן חכמים רבי מאיר היא דאמר

One said: But the Sages said: One who is suspected of ignoring the sabbatical year laws

חשוד לדבר אחד הוי חשוד לכל התורה כולה

רבי יונה ור' ירמיה תלמידי ר' זעירא ואמרי לה

ר' יונה ור' זעירא תלמידי ר' יוחנן חד אמר

אבל חכ"א

חשוד על השביעית