Eruvin 58

דלא אבציל זירתא אבל אבציל זירתא לית לן בה

where the onion has not grown [to the length of] a span but where it has grown to that length there can be no objection.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'we have not (any objection) against it' trfha');">¹</span> R'Papa said: This has been said only where one drank no beer [with them] but where one did drink some beer<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' , a drink made of dates or barley. ajb hbpn');">²</span> there can be no danger.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'we have not (any objection) against it' trfha');">¹</span> Our Rabbis taught: No one should eat onion on account of the poisonous fluid<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' lit., 'serpent' (v. Rashi) . Aliter: The stalk in the center of the onion (R. Han., Tosaf. s.v. a.l.) .');">³</span> it contains; and it once happened that R'Hanina ate half an onion and half of its poisonous fluid and became so ill that he was on the point of dying.

אמר רב פפא לא אמרן אלא דלא אישתי שיכרא אבל אישתי שיכרא לית לן בה

His colleagues, however, begged for heavenly mercy, and he recovered because his contemporaries needed him.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'the hour (time) required him'.');">⁴</span> R'Zera laid down in the name of Samuel: From beer an 'erub may be prepared and [if it consists of a quantity] of three log<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos.');">⁵</span> it renders a ritual bath<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Into which it was poured.');">⁶</span> ineffectual.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A ritual bath must contain naturally gathered water. It may not be filled with 'drawn' water that was carried into it by means of a vessel, and beer of course comes under the category of 'drawn'.');">⁷</span> R'Kahana demurred: Is not this<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That the prescribed quantity of beer renders a ritual bath ineffectual.');">⁸</span>

תנו רבנן לא יאכל אדם בצל מפני נחש שבו ומעשה ברבי חנינא שאכל חצי בצל וחצי נחש שבו וחלה ונטה למות ובקשו חביריו רחמים עליו וחיה מפני שהשעה צריכה לו:

obvious? For what [difference is there in this respect] between it and dye-water concerning which we learned: R'Jose ruled: Dye-water of a quantity of three log renders a ritual bath ineffectual?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Mik. VII, 3, Mak. 3b.');">⁹</span> -It may be replied: There<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Mik. VII, 3, Mak. 3b.');">⁹</span> [the liquid] is called dye-water<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It still bears the name of 'water' though it is dyed.');">¹⁰</span> but here it is called beer.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Had not R. Zera land down his ruling it might well have been assumed that the law of beer is different from that of water.');">¹¹</span>

א"ר זירא אמר שמואל שכר מערבין בו ופוסל את המקוה בשלשת לוגין מתקיף לה רב כהנא פשיטא וכי מה בין זה למי צבע דתנן רבי יוסי אומר מי צבע פוסלין את המקוה בשלשת לוגין אמרי התם מיא דצבעא מיקרי הכא שיכרא איקרי

And with what quantity [of beer] may an erub be prepared? - R'Aha son of R'Joseph proposed to say before R'Joseph: With two quarters<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of a kab. One kab = four log.');">¹²</span> of beer, as we learned, 'If a man carries out<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' On the Sabbath from a private into a public domain.');">¹³</span> wine [he incurs guilt if its quantity was] sufficient for mixing the cup',<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Shab. VIII, I, sc. if the cup of benediction (v. infra) can be filled with the wine, after the quantity of water, that is required for its dilution before it can be drunk, has been added.');">¹⁴</span> and in connection with this it was taught: '[It must be] sufficient for mixing a handsome cup. What [is meant by] 'a handsome cup'?

ובכמה מערבין סבר רב אחא בריה דרב יוסף קמיה דרב יוסף למימר בתרין רבעי שכרא כדתנן המוציא יין כדי מזיגת הכוס ותני עלה כדי מזיגת כוס יפה מאי כוס יפה כוס של ברכה ואמר ר"נ אמר רבה בר אבוה כוס של ברכה צריך שיהא בו רובע רביעית כדי שימזגנו ויעמוד על רביעית וכדרבא דאמר רבא כל חמרא דלא דרי על חד תלת מיא לאו חמרא הוא

The cup of benediction. And R'Nahman stated in the name of Rabbah B'Abbuha, 'The cup of benediction must contain a quarter of a quarter,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of a kab. One kab = four log.');">¹⁵</span> so that when one dilutes it<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By adding to it three parts of water (v. infra) .');">¹⁶</span> it consists of a quarter;' this being in agreement with Raba who land down that 'any wine which cannot stand [an admixture of] three [parts of] water to one [of wine] is no proper wine'. And in the final clause<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of the Mishnah Shab. VIII, 1 cited.');">¹⁷</span>

וקתני סיפא ושאר כל המשקין ברביעית וכל השופכין ברביעית מדהתם על חד ארבע הכא נמי על חד ארבע

it was stated: And in the case of any other liquids [the prescribed quantity]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For which guilt is incurred by one carrying them on the Sabbath from a private into a public domain.');">¹⁸</span> is a quarter' and in that of any liquid refuse' it is also a quarter'.' Now since there<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In respect of carrying on the Sabbath.');">¹⁹</span> [the quantities prescribed are] four<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of other liquids.');">²⁰</span> to one<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of wine; since in the case of the former a quarter of a kab was prescribed and in that of wine only a quarter of a quarter.');">²¹</span>

ולא היא התם הוא דבציר מהכי לא חשיב אבל הכא לא דעבידי אינשי דשתו כסא בצפרא וכסא בפניא וסמכי עילויהו

so here<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' 'Erub.');">²²</span> also [the quantity prescribed should be] four<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of other liquids.');">²⁰</span> to one.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since in the case of wine Rab prescribed two quarters of a log, in that of beer (2 X 4=) eight quarters of a log two log two quarters of a lab should be the quantity prescribed.');">²³</span> [The ruling,] however, is not so. There<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In respect of carrying on the Sabbath.');">¹⁹</span>

תמרים בכמה אמר רב יוסף תמרים בקב אמר רב יוסף מנא אמינא לה דתניא אכל גרוגרות ושילם תמרים תבא עליו ברכה

the reason<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Why two quarters of a to,] are prescribed.');">²⁴</span> is that less than that quantity is of no importance, but here<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' 'Erub.');">²²</span> [this does] not [apply, for] it is usual for people to drink one cup<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Containing a quarter of a log of beer.');">²⁵</span> in the morning and another<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Containing a quarter of a log of beer.');">²⁵</span> in the evening and to rely upon these [as their meals].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Such a quantity is consequently sufficient for the purposes of an 'erub.');">²⁶</span>

היכי דמי אילימא לפי דמים דאכל מיניה בזוזא וקא משלם ליה בזוזא מאי תבא עליו ברכה בזוזא אכל בזוזא קא משלם אלא לאו לפי מדה דאכל מיניה גריוא דגרוגרות דשויא זוזא וקא משלם ליה גריוא דתמרים דשוי ארבעה וקתני תבא עליו ברכה אלמא תמרים עדיפי

With how much dates [may an 'erub be prepared]? - R'Joseph replied: With one kab. Sand R'Joseph: Whence do I derive this? From what was taught: 'If a man<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A non-priest.');">²⁷</span> consumed [unwittingly] dried figs<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of terumah which is forbidden to him.');">²⁸</span> and paid for them with dates, may a blessing come upon him.'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Pes. 32a.');">²⁹</span>

אמר ליה אביי לעולם דאכל מיניה בזוזא וקא משלם בזוזא ומאי תבא עליו ברכה דאכל מיניה מידי דלא קפיץ עליה זבינא וקא משלם ליה מידי דקפיץ עליה זבינא

How [is this repayment to] be understood? If it be suggested [to be one] corresponding to the value<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'money'.');">³⁰</span> [of the figs, viz. ,] that he ate of the priest's figs<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'from him'.');">³¹</span> the value of one zuz<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos.');">³²</span> and repays him for it [dates] for a zuz,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos.');">³²</span>

שתיתא אמר רב אחא בר פנחס תרי שרגושי כיסאני אמר אביי תרי בוני דפומבדיתא

why [it may be asked] should a blessing come upon him, seeing that he consumed the value of a zuz and repays only the value of a zuz? Must it not then [be concluded that this repayment] corresponded in quantity, [viz.], that he ate a grivah<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos.');">³³</span> of the priest's<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'from him'.');">³⁴</span> dried figs that was worth one zuz and repaid him a qrivah<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos.');">³³</span> of dates that was worth four zuz, and [because of this] it was stated: 'May a blessing come upon him'.

אמר אביי אמרה לי אם הני כסאני מעלו לליבא ומבטלי מחשבתא

Thus it clearly follows that dates are more valuable.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Than dried figs. Now since in the case of dried figs one kab (as stated supra by Rab) is sufficient for an 'erub how much more so in the case of dates. Hence R. Joseph's ruling.');">³⁵</span> Said Abaye to him:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It. Joseph.');">³⁶</span> As a matter of fact the man may have consumed the priest's<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'from him'.');">³⁴</span> figs for a zuz and repaid him [dates] for a it and [in reply to your objection,] 'why should a blessing come upon him? ' Because he consumed from the priest<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'from him'.');">³⁴</span> something which is not much in demand<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'on which a buyer does not jump'.');">³⁷</span>

ואמר אביי אמרה לי אם האי מאן דאית ליה חולשא דליבא לייתי בישרא דאטמא ימינא דדיכרא ולייתי כבויי דרעיתא דניסן ואי ליכא כבויי דרעיתא לייתי סוגייני דערבתא וניכבביה וניכול ונשתי בתריה חמרא מרקא:

and repaid him with something for which there is a big demand.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Dates arc cheaper but more in demand than dried figs. Hence, contrary to R. Joseph's ruling, more than a kab of the former might be required for and erub.');">³⁸</span> [What quantity is required<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For all 'erub'.');">³⁹</span> in the case of] shattitha?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A dish made of the Hour of roasted cars of corn mixed with honey');">⁴⁰</span> - R'Aha B'Phinehas replied: Two ladlesfull. Of roasted ears? - Abaye replied: Two Pumbedithan handfuls.

אמר רב יהודה אמר שמואל כל שהוא ליפתן כדי לאכול בו כל שאינו ליפתן כדי לאכול הימנו בשר חי כדי לאכול הימנו בשר צלי רבה אמר כדי לאכול בו ורב יוסף אמר כדי לאכול הימנו

Abaye stated: Nurse<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' His mother having died in his childhood, he was brought up by , nurse Whose popular sayings, remedies and superstitions he often quoted.');">⁴¹</span> told me that roasted ears are beneficial to the heart and they banish morbid thought. Abaye further stated: Nurse told me: If a man suffers from weakness of the heart let him fetch the flesh of the right flank of a male beast and<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'and let him bring'.');">⁴²</span> excrements of cattle<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'of the shepherd'.');">⁴³</span> [cast in the month] of Nisan, and if excrements of cattle are not available let him fetch some willow twigs, and let him roast it,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The flesh on the fire of the willow twigs.');">⁴⁴</span>

אמר רב יוסף מנא אמינא לה דהני פרסאי אכלי טבהקי בלא נהמא אמר ליה אביי ופרסאי הוו רובא דעלמא והתנן בגדי עניים לעניים בגדי עשירים לעשירים

eat it, and after that drink some diluted wine.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Rashi; 'clear' (R. Han.) .');">⁴⁵</span> Rab Judah stated in the name of Samuel: Any relish<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If it is desired to use it for an 'erub.');">⁴⁶</span> [must consist of a quantity that is] sufficient to ea with it [a quantity of bread for two meals] but any [foodstuff] that is no relish [must consist of a quantity] sufficient in itself for two meals.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'to eat from it'.');">⁴⁷</span> Raw meat [also must consist of a quantity] sufficient for two meals.' As to roasted meat, Rabbah ruled [that it must be] sufficient to eat with it [a quantity of bread required for two meals], and R'Joseph ruled, [It must be] sufficient in itself for two meals.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'to eat from it'.');">⁴⁷</span> 'Whence said R'Joseph, 'do I derive this?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' His ruling.');">⁴⁸</span> [From the practice] of the Persians who eat chunks of roasted meat without bread'. Said Abaye to him: Are the Persians a majority of the world?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whom all the others must follow. thb,vu ib,vu');">⁴⁹</span> Was it not in fact taught,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' , so MS.M. and marg. note. Cur. edd. .');">⁵⁰</span> The webs of the poor<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. strips of cloth of the size of three fingers by three fingers.');">⁵¹</span> [are susceptible to uncleanness in the case] of the poor and the webs of the rich<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Pieces of cloth of the size of three by three handbreadths.');">⁵²</span> [are susceptible to uncleanness even in the case] of the rich