Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Megillah 33

CommentaryAudioShareBookmark
1

למה נמנו שנותיו של ישמעאל כדי ליחס בהן שנותיו של יעקב דכתיב (בראשית כה, יז) ואלה שני חיי ישמעאל מאת שנה ושלשים שנה ושבע שנים כמה קשיש ישמעאל מיצחק ארביסר שנין דכתיב (בראשית טז, טז) ואברם בן שמונים שנה ושש שנים בלדת הגר את ישמעאל לאברם וכתיב (בראשית כא, ה) ואברהם בן מאת שנה בהולד לו את יצחק בנו וכתיב (בראשית כה, כו) ויצחק בן ששים שנה בלדת אותם בר כמה הוה ישמעאל כדאתיליד יעקב בר שבעים וארבעה כמה פיישן משניה שתין ותלת

"Why were the years of Ishmael counted? To calculate with them the years of Jacob. As it is written, 'And these are the years of the life of Yishmael: 137 years (Genesis 25:17).'" How much older was Ishmael than Isaac? Fourteen years, as it is written: "And Abram was eighty-six years old when Hagar gave bore Ishmael to Abram (Genesis 16:16)." And it is written: "And Abraham was 100 years old when Isaac, his son, was born to him (Genesis 21:5)." And it is written: "And Isaac was sixty when they were born (Genesis 25:26)." How old was Ishmael when Jacob was born? [He] was seventy-four [years old.] How many years were left in his life? Sixty-three.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
2

ותניא היה יעקב אבינו בשעה שנתברך מאביו בן ששים ושלש שנה ובו בפרק מת ישמעאל דכתיב (בראשית כח, ו) וירא עשו כי ברך וגו' וילך עשו אל ישמעאל ויקח את מחלת בת ישמעאל אחות נביות ממשמע שנאמר בת ישמעאל איני יודע שהיא אחות נביות מלמד שקידשה ישמעאל ומת והשיאה נביות אחיה

and it has been taught: Jacob our father at the time when he was blessed by his father was sixty-three years old. It was just at that time that Ishmael died, as it is written, "Now Esau saw that Isaac had blessed Jacob so Esau went to Ishmael and took Mahlat the daughter of Ishmael, Abraham's son, the sister of Nevayot" (28:6, 9). Now once it has been said, "Ishmael's daughter" do I not know that she was the sister of Nevayot? This tells us then that Ishmael betrothed her and then died, and Nevayot her brother gave her in marriage.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
3

שתין ותלת וארביסר עד דמתיליד יוסף הא שבעין ושבעה וכתיב (בראשית מא, מו) ויוסף בן שלשים שנה בעמדו לפני פרעה הא מאה ושבע שב דשבעא ותרתי דכפנא הא מאה ושיתסר

Sixty-three and fourteen [in Aram] until Joseph was born makes seventy-seven [the age of Jacob when Joseph was born]. And it is written: "And Joseph was thirty years old when he stood before Pharaoh (Genesis 41:46)," which makes 107 [years of Jacob's life]. Seven [years] of plenty and two [years] of famine make 116 years. And it is written: "And Pharaoh said to Jacob, 'How many years have you lived?'

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
4

וכתיב (בראשית מז, ח) ויאמר פרעה אל יעקב כמה ימי שני חייך ויאמר יעקב אל פרעה ימי שני מגורי שלשים ומאת שנה מאה ושיתסר הויין

And Jacob said to Pharaoh, The days of the years of my wanderings are a hundred and thirty years” (47:8-9). But [we have just seen that] they were only a hundred and sixteen?

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
5

אלא ש"מ ארבע עשרה שנין דהוה בבית עבר לא חשיב להו דתניא היה יעקב בבית עבר מוטמן ארבע עשרה שנה עבר מת לאחר שירד יעקב אבינו לארם נהרים שתי שנים יצא משם ובא לו לארם נהרים נמצא כשעמד על הבאר בן שבעים ושבע שנה

Rather, learn from here, The fourteen years that he was in the Academy of Eber are not counted for him [between the sixty-three and the fourteen in Aram]. As it is taught, "Jacob was in the Academy of Eber, hidden away, for fourteen years. Eber died two years after Jacob went down to Aram Naharayim. [Jacob] went out from [the Academy of Eber] and came to Aram Naharayim. It is found that when he stood by the well, he was seventy-seven."

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
6

ומנלן דלא מיענש דתניא נמצא יוסף שפירש מאביו עשרים ושתים שנה כשם שפירש יעקב אבינו מאביו דיעקב תלתין ושיתא הויין אלא ארביסר דהוה בבית עבר לא חשיב להו

And how do we know that he was not punished [for these fourteen years]? As it has been taught in a baraita: We find that Joseph was away from his father twenty-two years just as Jacob our father was away from his father. But Jacob’s absence was thirty-six years? It must be then that the fourteen years which he was in the House of Ever are not counted.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
7

סוף סוף דבית לבן עשרין שנין הויין אלא משום דאשתהי באורחא תרתין שנין דתניא יצא מארם נהרים ובא לו לסכות ועשה שם שמונה עשר חודש שנאמר (בראשית לג, יז) ויעקב נסע סכותה ויבן לו בית ולמקנהו עשה סכות ובבית אל עשה ששה חדשים והקריב זבחים:

All in all, he was in the house of Laban for twenty years, but he was on the road four two years, As it is taught, "He went out from Aram Naharayim and came to Sukkot, and he made [booths] there for eighteen months, as it says, 'And Jacob traveled to Sukkot, and he built for himself a house, and for his cattle he made booths (Genesis 33:17).' And in Beit El, he built for six months and offered sacrifices."

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
8

<br><br><big><strong>הדרן עלך מגילה נקראת</strong></big><br><br>

We shall return to you, [Chapter] "The Megillah is read."

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
9

מתני׳ <big><strong>הקורא</strong></big> את המגילה למפרע לא יצא קראה על פה קראה תרגום בכל לשון לא יצא אבל קורין אותה ללועזות בלעז והלועז ששמע אשורית יצא

Mishnah: He who reads the Megillah in an irregular manner, does not fulfill his obligation; If he read it by heart, or read a translation in any language [other than Hebrew] he did not fulfill his obligation. But we do read it in a foreign language to those who [only] understand a foreign language; and someone who only knows a foreign language who heard [the Megillah] in Hebrew has fulfilled his obligation.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
10

קראה סירוגין ומתנמנם יצא היה כותבה דורשה ומגיהה אם כוון לבו יצא ואם לאו לא יצא

If he read it with breaks, and slumbered [in the middle], he has fulfilled his obligation. If he was writing it, expounding it, or correcting it [and thus read the Megillah]: If he intended [to make this his Megillah reading], he has fulfilled his obligation; and if not, then he has not fulfilled his obligation.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
11

היתה כתובה בסם ובסיקרא ובקומוס ובקנקנתום על הנייר ועל הדפתרא לא יצא עד שתהא כתובה אשורית על הספר ובדיו:

If [the Megillah] was written in paint, in red dye, in gum, or in vitriol black, on paper or on rough vellum, he has not fulfilled his obligation. [The obligation is not fulfilled] until it is written in Hebrew on parchment, in black ink.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
12

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> מה"מ אמר רבא דאמר קרא ככתבם וכזמנם (אסתר ט, כז) מה זמנם למפרע לא אף כתבם למפרע לא

Gemara: From where do we learn these words [that the Megillah must be written in order]? Rava said, "For the text said , "Like their writings and like their times." Just like their times are not [celebrated] out of order, So too their writings are not [read] out of order." But concerning reading it is not written here,

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
13

מידי קריאה כתיבה הכא עשייה כתיבה דכתיב להיות עושים את שני הימים אלא מהכא דכתיב והימים האלה נזכרים ונעשים (אסתר ט, כח) איתקש זכירה לעשייה מה עשייה למפרע לא אף זכירה למפרע לא

[Rather,] the celebration is written (meaning, the words, "Like their writings," refer to celebration), as it is written [in that verse], "To celebrate the two days." Rather, [we learn that it is prohibited to read the Megillah out of order] from here: As it is written, "And these days are remembered and celebrated." It compares remembrance to celebration. Just like the celebration cannot be done out of order, so too the remembrance cannot be done out of order.

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
14

תנא וכן בהלל וכן בקריאת שמע ובתפלה

It was taught, "And so too (meaning, the following things cannot be read out of order), regarding Hallel, and so too, regarding Shema and the [Amida] prayer."

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
15

הלל מנלן רבה אמר דכתיב (תהלים קיג, ג) ממזרח שמש עד מבואו רב יוסף אמר (תהלים קיח, כד) זה היום עשה ה'

[Regarding] Hallel, from where [do we learn this]? Rabba said, "As it is written [in Hallel], 'From the rising of the sun to its setting (Psalms 113:3) [meaning, just as the day goes in order, from sunrise to sunset, so too Hallel goes in order].'" Rabbi Yosef said, "This is the day that G-d made (Psalms 118: 24) [meaning, just as the day goes in order, so too Hallel goes in order]." Rabbi Oyah said,

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
16

רב אויא אמר (תהלים קיג, ב) יהי שם ה' מבורך ורב נחמן בר יצחק ואיתימא ר' אחא בר יעקב אמר מהכא (תהלים קיג, ב) מעתה ועד עולם

"Let the name of G-d be blessed (Psalms 113:2) [the word let implies, let it be as it is]." And Rabbi Nachman the son of Yitzchak, or some say Rabbi Acha the son of Ya'akov, say from here: "From now until forever (Psalms 113:2) [ meaning, just as time goes in order, so too Hallel goes in order]."

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
17

ק"ש דתניא ק"ש ככתבה דברי רבי וחכ"א בכל לשון מ"ט דרבי אמר קרא

The reading of Shema [must be in order], as it is taught: "The reading of Shema [must be] like it is written; the words of Rebbi [Yehudah the Prince]. And the Sages say, 'In any language.'" What is the reasoning of Rebbi [Yehudah the Prince]? [For] the text says,

ResourcesAsk RabbiCopyNotesHighlightBookmarkSharePlay
Previous ChapterNext Chapter