Menachot 174

מחוק שבו היה מודד לחביתי כהן גדול

With the level measure they used to measure the griddle-cakes of the High Priest.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This meal-offering of the High Priest was not measured by the heaped measure, for when dividing it into halves the flour would certainly pour out on to the ground.');">¹</span> But the Sages said, There was but one tenth measure there, as it is said, And one tenth for every lamb.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XXIX, 4.');">²</span>

וחכמים אומרים לא היה שם אלא עשרון אחד שנאמר (במדבר כט, ד) ועשרון אחד לכבש האחד אם כן מה תלמוד לאמר עשרון עשרון לרבות חצי עשרון

Wherefore then does the text state, 'A tenth, a tenth'? In order to include the half-tenth.

ור' מאיר חצי עשרון מנא ליה נפקא ליה מועשרון ורבנן וי"ו לא דרשי

Whence does R'Meir derive the half-tenth [measure]? - He derives it from [the expression], And one tenth.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The additional waw, 'and', intimates another vessel, namely the half-tenth.');">³</span> And the Rabbis? - They base no exposition upon the letter waw ['and'].

ורבי מאיר האי ועשרון אחד לכבש האחד מאי עביד ליה ההוא שלא ימדוד לא בשל שלשה לפר ולא בשל שנים לאיל

And for what purpose does R'Meir apply the verse, And one tenth for every lamb? - To teach that one should not measure with a three-tenths measure [the meal-offering] for a bullock or with a two-tenths measure [the meal-offering] for a ram. And the Rabbis?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whence do they derive this last teaching. iuragu');">⁴</span>

ורבנן נפקא להו מנקודו דתניא אמר ר' יוסי למה נקוד וי"ו שבאמצע (במדבר כט, ד) עשרון של עשרון ראשון של יום טוב הראשון של חג שלא ימדוד לא בשל ג' לפר ולא בשל שנים לאיל ורבי מאיר נקודו לא דריש:

They derive it from the dot<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the Masoretic text there is seen a dot above the second waw of the word in Num. XXIX, 15. The dot points to an exposition connected with this word, namely that only the tenth shall be used as a measure even though it is necessary to measure three tenths as for the meal-offering for a bullock. iurag');">⁵</span> [above the word].

חצי עשרון מה היה משמש שבו היה מודד לחביתי כהן גדול:

For it has been taught: R'Jose said, Wherefore is there a dot above the waw in the middle of the first 'issaron<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XXIX, 15. The word (tenth) is stated twice at the beginning of the verse, but the dot is placed over the waw in the first word.');">⁶</span> stated in connection with the offerings for the first day of the Feast [of Tabernacles]?

מודד ורמינהי חביתי כהן גדול לא היו באין חצאין אלא מביא עשרון שלם וחוצהו

[To teach] that one may not measure with a three-tenths measure [the meal-offering] for a bullock or with a two-tenths measure [the meal-offering] for a ram. And R'Meir? - He bases no exposition upon the dot [above the word].

אמר רב ששת מאי מודד נמי דקתני מחלק

FOR WHAT PURPOSE DID THE HALF-TENTH MEASURE SERVE? BY IT ONE USED TO MEASURE THE GRIDDLE-CAKES OF THE HIGH PRIEST.'

בעא מיניה רמי בר חמא מרב חסדא חצי עשרון לרבי מאיר גדוש היה או מחוק היה

ONE USED TO MEASURE'!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is understood from this expression that the High Priest measured out a half-tenth in the morning and brought it to the Temple, and did likewise in the evening.');">⁷</span> But I can point out a contradiction, for we have learnt: The griddle-cakes of the High Priest must not be brought in [two separate] halves, but he must bring a whole tenth and then divide it!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Supra 50b.');">⁸</span>

(סימן: חצ"י חבית"י שלח"ן)

- R'Shesheth answered, The expression 'MEASURE' that is used is to be understood in the sense of divide. Rami B'Hama enquired of R'Hisda, Was the half-tenth according to R'Meir a heaped measure or a level measure? (

ותיבעי לך לרבנן לרבנן עשרון גופיה קא מיבעיא להו גדוש היה או מחוק היה

Mnemonic: Half; Griddle-cakes of the High Priest; Table).<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' These are the subjects of the three questions put by Rami b. Hama to R. Hisda in the passage which follows.');">⁹</span> But you might ask the same question according to the Rabbis? - [Indeed so, and] according to the Rabbis the question is as regards the tenth as well, Was it heaped or level? - He replied, From R'Meir's statement [in one case] we can understand the view of R'Meir [in the other]; and also from R'Meir's statement we can understand the view of the Rabbis.

אמר ליה מדר' מאיר נשמע לרבי מאיר ומדרבי מאיר נשמע לרבנן

Thus since R'Meir stated that the tenth measure [used for measuring the meal-offering of the High Priest] was level, we know that the half-tenth measure<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Also used in connection with the meal-offering of the High Priest, namely for dividing it into two.');">¹⁰</span> was also level; and since according to R'Meir [both measures were] level, according to the Rabbis too [they were both] level.

מדאמר ר' מאיר עשרון מחוק חצי עשרון נמי מחוק מדר' מאיר מחוק לרבנן נמי מחוק

Rami B'Hama further enquired of R'Hisda, How were the griddle-cakes of the High Priest divided into cakes?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For it was baked into twelve cakes, six being offered in the morning and six in the evening. The question therefore is, Was the dough');">¹¹</span> By hand or by a utensil? - Surely it is obvious that it was divided by hand, for should you say by a utensil, would one bring in scales [into the Temple]?

בעא מיניה רמי בר חמא מרב חסדא חביתי כהן גדול במה מחלקן לחלות ביד או בכלי פשיטא דביד דאי בכלי טורטני יכניס

But why not bring it in? - It is not proper to do so since it is stated in connection with the curses.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That bread will be divided by weight; cf. Lev. XXVI, 26. uvn');">¹²</span> Rami B'Hama further enquired of R'Hisda, Would the table hallow the handfuls<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Of frankincense, heaped up on the table and not put in the dishes. According to Tosaf. s.v. (so, too, Maim.) the reference is to the handful of a meal-offering that was not put into a vessel of ministry but was placed in a heap on the table.');">¹³</span>

ויכניס כיון דבקללה כתיב לאו אורח ארעא

placed as a pile upon it or not? [Shall we say] since it hallows the Shewbread it would hallow the handfuls too; or it only hallows what is prescribed for it<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the Shewbread which is to be placed directly on the table, whereas the frankincense is to be put in dishes which are to be set on the table.');">¹⁴</span>

בעא מיניה רמי בר חמא מרב חסדא שלחן מהו שיקדש קמצים בגודש שלו מדמקדש לחם קמצים נמי מקדש או דלמא דחזי ליה מקדש דלא חזי ליה לא מקדש

but not what is not prescribed for it? - He replied, It would not hallow them. But this cannot be right, for did not R'Johanan say that according to the one who holds that two and a half handbreadths [of each cake] were turned up [at either end], it will be seen that the table hallowed everything that was on it to a height of fifteen handbreadths;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. infra 96a. The cakes of the Shewbread were each ten handbreadths long, and the table, according to R. Judah, was five handbreadths wide. Now as the cakes were set lengthwise across the breadth of the table, two and a half handbreadths of the cake would overlap the table at each end. Accordingly this amount was turned up; then the second cake was placed upon it and likewise turned up at its ends and so on, so that the six cakes rose to a height of fifteen cubits (6 X 2 1/2) above the surface of the table.');">¹⁵</span>

אמר ליה אינו מקדש איני והאמר רבי יוחנן לדברי האומר טפחיים ומחצה קופל נמצא שלחן מקדש חמשה עשר טפח למעלה לדברי האומר טפחיים קופל נמצא שלחן מקדש י"ב טפח למעלה

and according to the one who holds that two handbreadths [of each cake] were turned up [at either end], it will be seen that the table hallowed everything that was on it to a height to twelve handbreadths?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The table, according to R. Meir, was six handbreadths wide, thus only two handbreadths at each end of the cake, the amount that would be overlapping on either side, was turned up. The six cakes thus rose to a height of twelve handbreadths (6 X 2) above the table.');">¹⁶</span> - He replied, It would not hallow them so far as being offered upon the altar is concerned,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The table would not hallow the frankincense put upon its bare surface to that extent that it is permitted to be burnt upon the altar.');">¹⁷</span>

אמר ליה אינו מקדש ליקרב אבל מקדש ליפסל:

but it would hallow them to the extent that they can become invalid.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If taken out of the Sanctuary or if touched by a tebul yom (v. Glos.) .');">¹⁸</span> <big><b>MISHNAH: </b></big>THERE WERE SEVEN LIQUID-MEASURES IN THE TEMPLE: THE HIN,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A liquid-measure equal to twelve logs.');">¹⁹</span>

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> שבע מדות של לח היו במקדש הין וחצי הין ושלישית ההין ורביעית ההין

THE HALF-HIN, THE THIRD-HIN, THE QUARTER-HIN, THE LOG, THE HALF-LOG, AND THE QUARTER-LOG. R'ELIEZER SON OF R'ZADOK SAYS, THERE WERE MARKINGS IN THE HIN MEASURE [INDICATING] THUS FAR FOR A BULLOCK, THUS FAR FOR A RAM, AND THUS FAR FOR A LAMB.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So that it was not necessary to have a separate measure for a half or a third or a quarter of a hin.');">²⁰</span>

לוג וחצי לוג ורביעית לוג

R'SIMEON SAYS, THERE WAS NO HIN MEASURE THERE AT ALL; FOR WHAT PURPOSE COULD THE HIN SERVE?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The measure of a hin was prescribed for use only once at the preparation of the anointing oil by Moses, cf. Ex. XXX, 24.');">²¹</span> BUT THERE WAS AN ADDITIONAL MEASURE<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' To make up the seven measures.');">²²</span>

ר' אליעזר בר ר' צדוק אומר שנתות היו בהין עד כאן לפר ועד כאן לאיל עד כאן לכבש

OF ONE LOG AND A HALF BY WHICH ONE USED TO MEASURE [THE OIL]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. three logs of oil; cf. supra 51a.');">²³</span> FOR THE MEAL-OFFERING OF THE HIGH PRIEST, A LOG AND A HALF IN THE MORNING AND A LOG AND A HALF TOWARDS EVENING.

ר' שמעון אומר לא היה שם הין וכי מה היה הין משמש אלא מדה יתירה של לוג ומחצה היתה שם שבה היה מודד למנחת כהן גדול לוג ומחצה בבוקר לוג ומחצה בין הערבים:

<big><b>GEMARA: </b></big>Our Rabbis taught: There were seven liquid-measures in the Temple: the quarter-log, the half-log, the log, the quarter-hin, the third-hin, the half-hin, and the hin. So R'Judah.

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> תנו רבנן שבע מדות של לח היו במקדש רביעית לוג וחצי לוג ולוג ורביעית ההין ושלישית ההין וחצי הין והין דברי רבי יהודה רבי מאיר אומר הין וחצי הין ושלישית ההין ורביעית ההין ולוג וחצי לוג ורביעית לוג רבי שמעון אומר לא היה שם הין וכי מה היה הין משמש

But R'Meir says. [They were:] the hin, the half-hin, the third-hin, the quarter-kin, the log, the half-log, and the quarter-log. R'Simeon says, There was no hin measure there at all; for what purpose could the kin serve?