Nedarim 105

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> הנודר מן התמרים מותר בדבש תמרים מסתוניות מותר בחומץ סתוניות רבי יהודה בן בתירא אומר כל ששם תולדתו קרויה עליו ונודר הימנו אסור ביוצא הימנו וחכמים מתירים:

<b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. HE WHO VOWS [ABSTINENCE] FROM DATES IS PERMITTED DATE HONEY; FROM WINTER GRAPES,'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [H] < [H] winter, remaining on the tree till winter. ');">¹</span>

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> [חכמים] היינו ת"ק

HE IS PERMITTED VINEGAR MADE FROM WINTER GRAPES — R. JUDAH B. BATHYRA SAID: IF IT BEARS THE NAME OF ITS ORIGIN,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' As here, the vinegar being called 'winter grapes vinegar'. ');">²</span>

איכא בינייהו הדא דתניא כלל זה אר"ש בן אלעזר כל שדרכו לאכול ודרך היוצא ממנו לאכול כגון תמרים ודבש תמרים נדר בו אסור ביוצא ממנו נודר מיוצא ממנו אסור בו

AND HE VOWS [TO ABSTAIN] FROM IT,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sc. the article of its origin, i.e., winter grapes. ');">³</span>

כל שאין דרכו לאכול ודרך היוצא ממנו לאכול נודר בו אין אסור אלא ביוצא ממנו שלא נתכוון זה אלא ליוצא ממנו:

HE IS FORBIDDEN [TO BENEFIT] FROM WHAT COMES FROM IT. BUT THE SAGES PERMIT IT.

<big><strong>מתני׳</strong></big> הנודר מן היין מותר ביין תפוחים מן השמן מותר בשמן שומשמין מן הדבש מותר בדבש תמרים מן

<b><i>GEMARA</i></b>. But the Sages are identical with the first Tanna? — They differ in respect of the following which was taught: R. Simeon b. Eleazar laid down this general rule: Whatever is eaten itself, and what comes from it too is eaten, e.g., dates and the honey of dates, and he vowed [abstinence] from the substance itself, he is forbidden that which comes from it;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' T. J. has 'permitted', which Wilna Gaon regards as correct. ');">⁴</span>

החומץ מותר בחומץ סתוניות מן הכרישין מותר בקפלוטות מן הירק מותר בירקות השדה שהוא שם לוויי:

but if he vows [abstinence] from what comes from it, he is also forbidden the substance itself.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. preceding note. ');">⁵</span>

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> תניא הנודר מן השמן בארץ ישראל מותר בשמן שומשמין ואסור בשמן זית ובבבל אסור בשמן שומשמין ומותר בשמן זית מקום שמסתפקין מזה ומזה אסור בזה ובזה

But if the substance is not eaten itself, whilst what comes from it is,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' E.g winter grapes. ');">⁶</span>

פשיטא לא צריכא דרובא מן חד מסתפקין מהו דתימא איזיל בתר רובא קא משמע לן ספק איסורא לחומרא

and he vowed [abstinence] from the substance itself, he is forbidden only what comes from it,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If the substance is foresworn. ');">⁷</span>

הנודר מן הירק בשאר שני שבוע אסור בירקות הגינה ומותר בירקות השדה ובשביעית אסור בירקות השדה ומותר בירקות הגינה אמר רבי אבהו משום רבי חנינא בן גמליאל

because he meant nought else but what comes from it.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The first Tanna, who rules that vinegar of winter grapes is permitted, disagrees with R. Simeon b. Eleazar, whilst the Sages agree with him. Hence, 'the Sages permit it', refers to the substance itself, when not usually eaten, but not to what comes from it ');">⁸</span> <b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. HE WHO VOWS [ABSTINENCE] FROM WINE MAY PARTAKE OF APPLE-WINE [CIDER]; FROM OIL HE IS PERMITTED SESAME OIL;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [H] (pl. [H]) probably fr. [H] (sun-flower), sesame. ');">⁹</span> FROM HONEY, HE IS PERMITTED DATE HONEY; FROM VINEGAR, HE IS PERMITTED THE VINEGAR OF WINTER GRAPES; FROM LEEKS, HE IS PERMITTED PORRET;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [H] pl. [H] ([G]), is a species of leek with a head (porrum capitatum). ');">¹⁰</span> FROM VEGETABLES, HE IS PERMITTED FIELD HERBS,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Wild vegetables. ');">¹¹</span> BECAUSE IT IS A QUALIFYING EPITHET.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The reason of all these is that is where a qualifying epithet is normally added to the name of the substance it is not included in the unspecified term: thus, in speaking of wine (unspecified), grape wine is meant, not apple wine: and so the rest. ');">¹²</span> <b><i>GEMARA</i></b>. It was taught: He who vows [to abstain] from oil: to Palestine sesame oil is permitted him, but he is forbidden olive oil; in Babylon, he is forbidden sesame oil but permitted olive oil. In the place where they are both commonly used, both are forbidden. But that is obvious? — It is necessary to teach it only when most people use one: I might think that the majority must be followed. We are therefore taught that a doubtful prohibition is [resolved] stringently.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Consequently, though a particular oil is used by a minority only, yet if its usage is sufficiently prevalent to warrant the assumption that the vow may have been meant to include it, it is forbidden. ');">¹³</span> He who vows [abstinence] from vegetables, in normal years is forbidden garden vegetables but permitted wild vegetables; in the seventh year. He is forbidden wild vegetables but permitted garden vegetables.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Since none are planted then, by the unspecified term wild vegetables are meant. ');">¹⁴</span> R. Abbahu said on the authority of R. Hanina b. Gamaliel: