Shabbat 153

תנינא המוציא יין כדי מזיגת כוס ותני עלה כדי מזיגת כוס יפה וקתני סיפא ושאר כל המשקין ברביעית ורבא לטעמיה דאמר רבא כל חמרא דלא דרי על חד תלת מיא לאו חמרא הוא

learnt likewise: HE WHO CARRIES OUT [RAW] WINE, [THE STANDARD IS THAT THERE BE] ENOUGH FOR THE MIXING OF A CUP, whereon it was taught, Enough for the mixing of a full-measured cup; while the subsequent clause states; AND ALL OTHER LIQUIDS, [THE STANDARD IS] A REBI'ITH.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This shows that the lowest standard of potable liquids is a rebi'ith; hence the first clause must mean as much as is required for mixing to produce a cup of a rebi'ith. ');">¹</span> Now Raba is consistent with his view [expressed elsewhere]. For Raba said: Wine which does not carry three parts of water to one [of itself] is not wine. Abaye observed: There are two refutations to this. Firstly, because we learnt, And as for mixed [wine], that means two parts of water and one of wine, [namely] of Sharon wine.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sharon is the plain along the Mediterranean coast from Japho to Carmel. Thus a proportion of two to one is stated here. ');">²</span>

אמר אביי שתי תשובות בדבר חדא דתנן והמזוג שני חלקי מים ואחד יין מן היין השירוני ועוד מים בכד ומצטרפין

Secondly, the water is in the jug and it is to combine!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If the reason of our Mishnah is because with the addition of water it amounts to a rebi'ith, which is the average drink, but that by itself it is insufficient, are we to assume the addition of water that is elsewhere, as though he had carried it all out! Surely not. ');">³</span> Said Raba to him, As to what you quote, 'and as for mixed [wine], that means two parts of water and one of wine, [namely] of Sharon wine' — Sharon wine stands apart, being [exceptionally] weak. Alternatively, there it is on account of appearance,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The reference there is to the colours of blood which are unclean. If it is of the colour of a two to one mixture, it is unclean; but a three to one mixture is paler, and blood of that colour is clean. ');">⁴</span>

א"ל רבא הא דקאמרת שני חלקי מים ואחד יין מן היין השירוני יין השירוני לחוד דרפי א"נ התם משום חזותא אבל לטעמא בעי טפי ודקאמרת מים מכד ומצטרפין לענין שבת מידי דחשיב בעינן והא נמי הא חשיב

but for taste more [water] is required. Whilst as for your objection, The water is in the jug and it is to combine! in the matter of the Sabbath we require something that is of account, and this too is of account.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Though it does not contain the water yet, since it can bear the addition of so much water. ');">⁵</span> A Tanna taught: As for congealed<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'dry'. ');">⁶</span>

תנא יבש בכזית דברי רבי נתן אמר רב יוסף רבי נתן ורבי יוסי ברבי יהודה אמרו דבר אחד רבי נתן הא דאמרן ורבי יוסי ברבי יהודה דתניא רבי יהודה אומר ששה דברים מקולי בית שמאי ומחומרי ב"ה דם נבלה ב"ש מטהרין וב"ה מטמאין א"ר יוסי ברבי יהודה אף כשטמאו ב"ה לא טמאו אלא בדם שיש בו רביעית הואיל ויכול לקרוש ולעמוד על כזית

[wine], the standard is the size of an olive:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because that represents a rebi'ith of liquid wine. ');">⁷</span> this is R. Nathan's view. R. Joseph said: R. Nathan and R. Jose son of R. Judah both said the same thing. R. Nathan, as stated. R. Jose son of R. Judah, for it was taught: R. Judah said: Six things [were stated as being] of the lenient rulings of Beth Shammai and the stricter rulings of Beth Hillel.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the many controversies between these two schools Beth Shammai generally adopt the stricter attitude. Hence particular attention is drawn to the cases where it is the reverse. ');">⁸</span>

אמר אביי דילמא לא היא עד כאן לא קאמר רבי נתן הכא דבעי רביעית אלא ביין דקליש אבל בדם דסמיך כזית לא בעי רביעית אי נמי עד כאן לא קאמר רבי יוסי בר' יהודה התם דכזית סגי ליה ברביעי' אלא בדם דסמיך אבל יין דקליש כזית הוי יותר מרביעית וכי מפיק פחות מכזית ליחייב:

The blood of a <i>nebelah</i>,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos. ');">⁹</span> Beth Shammai declare it clean;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It does not defile food by its contact. ');">¹⁰</span>

חלב כדי גמיעה: איבעיא להו כדי גמיאה או כדי גמיעה א"ר נחמן בר יצחק (בראשית כד, יז) הגמיאיני נא מעט מים מכדך

while Beth Hillel rule it unclean. Said R. Jose son of R. Judah: Even when Beth Hillel declared it unclean, they did so only in respect of a rebi'ith of blood in measure, since it can congeal to the size of an olive.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which is the minimum quantity of flesh of nebelah which defiles. ');">¹¹</span> Said Abaye. Perhaps that is not so. R. Nathan states that it [sc. a congealed piece the size of an olive] requires a rebi'ith [of liquid] only here in the case of wine, which is thin; but in the case of blood, which is thick, the size of an olive [when congealed] does not require a rebi'ith [in liquid form]. Alternatively. R. Jose b. R. Judah states that for the size of an olive [when congealed] a rebi'ith [in liquid form] is sufficient only there in the case of blood, which is thick; but as for wine, which is thin, the size of an olive represents more than a rebi'ith, so that if one carries out [even] less than the size of an olive, he is liable.

איבעי' להו

MILK, AS MUCH AS IS QUAFFED AT A TIME. The scholars asked: As much as GEM'IAH or GEM'IAH?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The question is about the spelling, whether it is with an alef or an 'ayin. The following questions are the same. ');">¹²</span> R. Nahman b. Isaac cited, Give me to drink [hagmi'ini], I pray thee, a little water of thy pitcher.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Gen. XXIV, 17; the word there is spelled with an alef. ');">¹³</span> The scholars asked: