Shabbat 198

אלא אם כן עשו לה מחיצה גבוה י' טפחים ואין שותין הימנה בשבת אא"כ הכניס לה ראשו ורובו ובור וחוליתה מצטרפין לעשר'

unless a wall ten handbreadths high is made around it;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the drawer to stand in private ground. ');">¹</span>

בעא מיניה רב מרדכי מרבא עמוד ברה"ר גבוה י' ורחב ד' וזרק ונח על גביו מהו מי אמרינן הרי עקירה באיסור הרי הנחה באיסור או דילמא כיון דממקום פטור קאתיא לא

and one may not drink from it on the Sabbath unless he brings his head and the greater part of his body into it,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Cf. supra 11a bottom. ');">²</span>

א"ל מתניתין היא אתא שייליה לרב יוסף א"ל מתניתין היא אתא שייליה לאביי א"ל מתני' היא אמר להו כולכו ברוקא דהדדי תפיתו

and a cistern and its bank combine to [give a height of] ten.

א"ל ואת לא תסברא והתנן הנוטל מהן ונותן על גבן חייב א"ל דילמא מתני' במחט

R. Mordecai asked Rabbah: What of a pillar in the street, ten high and four broad, and one throws [an article] and it alights upon it? Do We say, Surely the removal is [effected] in transgression and the depositing is [effected] in transgression;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., the article is removed from public and deposited in private ground. ');">³</span>

מחט נמי א"א דלא מדליא פורתא דאית ליה מורשא א"נ דרמיא בחריצה

or perhaps since it comes from a place of non-liability<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 6a. The object must sail through the air above ten handbreadths in order for it to alight on the top of column of that height. ');">⁴</span>

אמר רב מישא בעי רבי יוחנן כותל ברה"ר גבוה י' ואינו רחב ארבע ומוקף לכרמלית ועשאו רה"י וזרק ונח על גביו מהו מי אמרינן כיון דאינו רחב ד' מקום פטור הוא או דילמא כיון דעשאו רה"י כמאן דמלי דמיא

it is not [a culpable action]? — Said he to him, This is [treated in] our Mishnah. He [then] went and asked it of R. Joseph: Said he to him, This is [treated in] our Mishnah. He went and asked it of Abaye, Said he to him, This is [treated in] our Mishnah. 'You all spit with each other's spittle,'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Your opinions are all traceable to the same source. ');">⁵</span>

אמר עולא קל וחומר לאחרים עושה מחיצה לעצמו לא כ"ש איתמר נמי א"ר חייא בר אשי אמר רב וכן א"ר יצחק א"ר יוחנן כותל ברה"ר גבוה י' ואינו רחב ארבע ומוקף לכרמלית ועשאו רה"י הזורק ונח על גביו חייב לאחרים עושה מחיצה לעצמו לא כ"ש

cried he to them: Do you not hold thus, they replied. Surely we learnt, IF ONE REMOVES [AUGHT] FROM THEM OR PLACES [AUGHT] UPON THEM, HE IS CULPABLE.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And in so doing he must lift the object to a height above ten. ');">⁶</span>

בעי רבי יוחנן בור תשעה ועקר ממנו חוליא והשלימה לעשרה מהו עקירת חפץ ועשיית מחיצה בהדי הדדי קאתו ומיחייב או לא מיחייב ואם תימצי לומר כיון דלא הוי מחיצה עשרה מעיקרא לא מיחייב בור י' ונתן לתוכה חוליא ומיעטה מהו הנחת חפץ וסילוק מחיצה בהדי הדדי קאתו מיחייב או לא מיחייב

But perhaps our Mishnah treats of a needle? he suggested to them! — It is impossible even for a needle not to be slightly raised. — It [the rock] may have a projecting point,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Part of the top may slope downward and thence project upward, and there the needle lies. In that case it is below ten, and even when picked up does not go above ten. ');">⁷</span>

תיפשוט ליה מדידיה דתנן הזורק ארבע אמות בכותל למעלה מעשרה טפחים כזורק באויר למטה מעשרה כזורק בארץ והזורק בארץ ארבע אמות חייב והוינן בה והא לא נח

or it [the needle] may lie in a cleft.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Or groove, likewise below ten. — Thus in R. Mordecai's view the Mishnah does not solve his problem. ');">⁸</span>

ואמר רבי יוחנן בדבילה שמינה שנינו ואמאי הא קא ממעט מארבע אמות

R. Misha said, R. Johanan propounded: What of a wall in a street, ten high but not four broad, surrounding a <i>karmelith</i><span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Glos. ');">⁹</span>

התם לא מבטל ליה הכא מבטל ליה

and converting it [thereby] into private ground,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. infra 7a, ');">¹⁰</span>

בעי רבא זרק דף ונח על גבי יתידות מהו מאי קמיבעיא ליה הנחת חפץ ועשיית מחיצה בהדי הדדי קאתו היינו דרבי יוחנן

and one throws [an article] and it alights on the top of it? Do we say, Since it is not four broad it is a place of non-liability; or perhaps, since it converts it into private ground it is as though it were [all] filled up?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Reaching to the top of the wall, so that the wall and the karmelith are one, the whole, including the wall, being private ground. ');">¹¹</span>

כי קמיבעיא ליה לרבא כגון דזרק דף וחפץ על גביו מאי כיון דבהדי הדדי קאתו כהנחת חפץ ועשיית מחיצה דמי או דילמא כיון דלא אפשר דלא מידלא פורתא והדר נייח כעשיית מחיצה והנחת חפץ דמי תיקו

Said 'Ulla, [This may be solved] <i>a fortiori</i>: if it [the wall] serves as a partition for something else,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Converting the karmelith into private ground. ');">¹²</span>

אמר רבא פשיטא לי מים על גבי מים היינו הנחתן אגוז על גבי מים

how much more so for itself!<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is certainly private ground, just as the karmelith which it converts. ');">¹³</span> This was stated too: R. Hiyya b. Ashi said in Rab's name, and thus said R. Isaac in R. Johanan's name: In the case of a wall in the street ten high and not four broad, surrounding a <i>karmelith</i> and converting it into private ground, he who throws [an article] which alights thereon is culpable: if it serves as a partition for something- else, how much more so for itself. R. Johanan propounded: What of a pit nine [handbreadths deep] and one removes one segment from it and makes it up to ten;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' [The segment was one handbreadth in thickness and by removing it the pit reaches the depth of ten handbreaths, which constitutes the legal height for the partition of a private domain.] ');">¹⁴</span> [do we say] the taking up of the object and the making of the partition come simultaneously, hence he is culpable; or is he not culpable? Now should you say, since the partition was not ten originally he is not liable: what of a pit ten [deep] and one lays the segment therein and [thus] diminishes it['s depth]? [Here] the depositing of the article and the removal of the partition come simultaneously: is he culpable or not? — You may solve it for him by his own [dictum]. For we learnt: if one throws [an article] four cubits on to a wall, — if above ten handbreadths, it is as though he throws it into the air; if below, it is as though lie throws it on to the ground; and he who throws [an article] four cubits along the ground is culpable. Now we discussed this: surely it does not stay there? And R. Johanan answered: This refers to a juicy cake of figs.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 7b. ');">¹⁵</span> Yet why so? Surely it diminishes the four cubits?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For the thickness of the figs must be deducted. Nevertheless he is culpable, and the same reasoning applies to R. Johanan's second problem. ');">¹⁶</span> — There he does not render it as nought;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' When he throws the cake of figs on the wall, he does not mean it to become part thereof and cease to exist separately, as it were. ');">¹⁷</span> here he does render it as nought.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For it becomes part of the wall. Hence the two cases are dissimilar. ');">¹⁸</span> Raba propounded: What if one throws a board and it alights upon poles?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The poles are ten handbreadths high, but not four square, whilst the board is; thus as it rests on these poles it constitutes a private domain. ');">¹⁹</span> What does he ask? [The law where] the depositing of the article and the constituting of the partition come simultaneously? [but] that is R. Johanan's [problem]!-When does Raba ask? e.g.. if he throws a board with an article on top of it: what [then]? [Do we say], Since they come simultaneously, it is like the depositing of the article and the making of a partition [at the same time];<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Hence he is not liable. assuming this to be the solution of R. Johanan's problem. ');">²⁰</span> or perhaps, since it is impossible for it [the article] not to be slightly raised and then alight,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For it does not stick to the board; hence the board alights first and then this article. ');">²¹</span> it is like the making of a partition and the [subsequent] depositing of an article?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Therefore he is culpable. ');">²²</span> The question stands over. Raba said: I am certain, water [lying] upon water, that is its [natural] rest; a nut upon water,