Shabbat 244:1

אדעתא דרובא מדלקי

they do so with a view to the majority.

שמואל איקלע לבי אבין תורן אתא ההוא נכרי אדליק שרגא אהדרינהו שמואל לאפיה כיון דחזא דאייתי שטר וקא קרי אמר אדעתא דנפשיה הוא דאדליק אהדרינהו איהו לאפיה גבי שרגא:

Samuel visited the house of Abin of Toran.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' MS.M. To Abitoran. ');">¹</span>

<br><br><big><strong>הדרן עלך כל כתבי</strong></big><br><br>

A Gentile came and lit a lamp, [whereupon] Samuel turned his face away.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' So as not to benefit from it. ');">²</span>

מתני׳ <big><strong>כל</strong></big> הכלים ניטלין בשבת ודלתותיהן עמהן אע"פ שנתפרקו (בשבת) שאינן דומין לדלתות הבית לפי שאינן מן המוכן

— On seeing that he [the Gentile] had brought a document and was reading it, he observed, 'He has lit it for himself'; [sol he [too] [Samuel] turned his face to the lamp.

נוטל אדם קורנס לפצע בו את האגוזין קרדום לחתוך בו את הדבילה מגירה לגור בה את הגבינה מגריפה לגרוף בה את הגרוגרות

<b><i>MISHNAH</i></b>. ALL UTENSILS MAY<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Tosaf. reads: ALL UTENSILS WHICH MAY, etc., for in fact there are many that may not be handled. ');">³</span>

את הרחת ואת המלגז לתת עליו לקטן את הכוש ואת הכרכר לתחוב בו מחט של יד ליטול בו את הקוץ ושל סקאים לפתוח בו את הדלת

BE HANDLED ON THE SABBATH AND THEIR DOORS<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Those that have doors or lids, e.g., a chest or coffer. ');">⁴</span>

<big><strong>גמ׳</strong></big> כל הכלים ניטלין ואע"פ שנתפרקו בשבת ולא מיבעיא בחול

WITH THEM, EVEN IF THEY ARE DETACHED, FOR THEY ARE NOT LIKE THE DOORS OF A HOUSE, WHICH ARE NOT OF MUKAN.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' v. Glos. The doors of a house, if detached, may not be handled on the Sabbath, because they are not parts of utensils which stand 'prepared' for handling. But the doors of utensils are like the utensils themselves. ');">⁵</span>

אדרבה בשבת מוכנין על גבי אביהן בחול אין מוכנין על גבי אביהן

A MAN MAY TAKE A HAMMER TO SPLIT NUTS, A CHOPPER TO CUT [A ROUND OF] PRESSED FIGS, A SAW FOR SAWING CHEESE, A SPADE TO SCOOP DRIED FIGS,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Out of the barrel. ');">⁶</span>

אמר אביי הכי קאמר כל הכלים ניטלין בשבת ודלתותיהן עמהן אע"פ שנתפרקו בחול ניטלין בשבת

A WINNOWING SHOVEL AND A PITCHFORK TO PLACE [FOOD] UPON IT FOR A CHILD, A REED OR A WHORL TO STICK [FOOD], A SMALL NEEDLE<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'hand-needle'. ');">⁷</span>

ת"ר דלת של שידה ושל תיבה ושל מגדל נוטלין אבל לא מחזירין ושל לול של תרנגולים לא נוטלין ולא מחזירין

TO REMOVE A THORN, AND A SACK [NEEDLE] TO OPEN A DOOR THEREWITH.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' If the key is lost. ');">⁸</span>

בשלמא של לול של תרנגולים קסבר כיון דמחברי בארעא יש בנין בקרקע יש סתירה בקרקע אלא של שידה ושל תיבה ושל מגדל מאי קסבר

<b><i>GEMARA</i></b>. ALL UTENSILS MAY BE HANDLED, … EVEN IF THEY ARE DETACHED on the Sabbath,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This is now the assumed meaning and implication of the Mishnah. ');">⁹</span>

אי קסבר יש בנין בכלים יש סתירה בכלים ואי אין סתירה בכלים אין בנין בכלים

while it goes without saying [if detached] on a weekday;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' This is now the assumed meaning and implication of the Mishnah. ');">⁹</span>

אמר אביי לעולם קסבר יש בנין בכלים ויש סתירה בכלים ושניטלו קאמר

on the contrary, on the Sabbath they stand 'prepared' in virtue of their origin;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'father'. If they became detached on the Sabbath since they were fit to handle at the beginning of the Sabbath, when they were part of the whole, they remain so for the whole Sabbath. ');">¹⁰</span>

א"ל רבא [שתי תשובות בדבר] חדא דנוטלין קתני ועוד מאי אבל לא מחזירין אלא אמר רבא קסבר אין בנין בכלים ואין סתירה בכלים וגזירה שמא יתקע:

[whereas if detached] on a weekday, they do not stand 'prepared' in virtue of their origin?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For when the Sabbath commenced they were not part of the utensil. ');">¹¹</span>

נוטל אדם קורנס כו': אמר רב יהודה קורנס של אגוזין לפצע בו את האגוזין אבל של נפחין לא

Said Abaye, This is its meaning: ALL UTENSILS MAY BE HANDLED ON THE SABBATH, THEIR DOORS WITH THEM, EVEN IF THEY ARE DETACHED on a weekday, they may be handled on the Sabbath.

קסבר דבר שמלאכתו לאיסור אפילו לצורך גופו אסור

Our Rabbis taught: The door of a box, chest, or coffer<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'tower' or 'turret' — a large box or chest. ');">¹²</span>

א"ל רבה אלא מעתה סיפא דקתני ואת הרחת ואת המלגז לתת עליו לקטן רחת ומלגז מי מייחדי ליה לקטן אלא אמר רבה קורנס של נפחין לפצע בו האגוזין

may be removed, but not replaced; that of a hen-roost may neither be removed nor replaced. As for that of a hen-roost, it is well! he holds that since they [the hen-roosts] are attached to the ground, [the interdict of] building applies to the ground and that of demolishing applies to the ground;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., it is like fitting or removing a house door, which constitutes building and demolishing; v. supra 73a. ');">¹³</span>

קסבר

but as for that of a box, chest, or coffer, what is his opinion? If he holds, [The interdict of] building applies to utensils, then that of demolishing [too] applies to utensils; whilst if there is no [prohibition of] building in respect to utensils, there is no [prohibition of] demolishing in respect to utensils [either]?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Thus removing and refitting should be the same. ');">¹⁴</span> — Said Abaye: In truth he holds: There is [the prohibition of] building in the case of utensils, and there is [that of] demolishing in respect of utensils, but he means, Those that were removed [may not be replaced].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Thus only one law is stated; the doors of a chest, box, and coffer, if detached (before the Sabbath), may not be refitted. ');">¹⁵</span> Said Raba to him, There are two objections to this: one, since he teaches that they may be removed; and two, how [explain] 'but not replaced?' — Rather said Raba: He holds, [The interdict of] building does not apply to utensils, and the interdict of demolishing does not 'apply to utensils, yet it is a preventive measure, lest he fix it firmly.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Nailing or screwing it on, which is certainly labour; hence he must not put it back at all. ');">¹⁶</span> A MAN MAY TAKE A HAMMER, etc. Rab Judah said: [This means,] a nut hammer to split nuts therewith, but not a smith's [hammer]: he holds, An article whose function is a forbidden labour is forbidden [even] when required for itself.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For a permitted labour. I.e., since the normal function of a smith's hammer is to perform labour forbidden on the Sabbath, it may not be handled even for a permitted purpose. ');">¹⁷</span> Said Rabbah to him: If so, when the second clause teaches, A WINNOWING SHOVEL AND A PITCH-FORK, TO PLACE [FOOD] UPON IT FOR A CHILD, are a winnowing shovel and a pitch-fork set aside specially for a child?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Surely not! ');">¹⁸</span> Rather said Rabbah: [it means] a smith's hammer to split nuts therewith; he holds,