Talmud Bavli
Talmud Bavli

Chullin 209

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1

אילימא בית שמאי אומרים מקנח ולא בעי מדיח ובית הלל אומרים מדיח ולא בעי מקנח אלא הא דאמר רבי זירא

Should you say it means this: Beth Shammai say: One must clean [the mouth] and not rinse it,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., rinsing the mouth with water would not be sufficient and so would not serve the purpose; so Rashi adopting the reading which omits the tnhkht words 'need not' before 'rinse it' in cur. edd. V. MS.M. v. also Tosaf. s.v.');"><sup>1</sup></span>

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2

אין קינוח פה אלא בפת כמאן כב"ש

and Beth Hillel Say.

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3

אלא בית שמאי אומרים

One must rinse [the mouth] and not clean it, then the statement of R'Zera viz. , Cleaning the mouth must be done with bread only, would agree with the view of Beth Shammai, would it not?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For Beth Hillel do not mention 'cleaning the mouth', accordingly R. Zera's statement is based upon Beth Shammai's view.');"><sup>2</sup></span>

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4

מקנח ולא בעי מדיח ובית הלל אומרים

And if you say it means this: Beth Shammai say: One must clean [the mouth] and not rinse it, and Beth Hillel Say.

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5

אף מדיח הוי ליה מקולי בית שמאי ומחומרי בית הלל ולתנייה גבי קולי בית שמאי וחומרי בית הלל

One must also rinse it, then it is a case in which Beth Shammai adopt the lenient ruling and Beth Hillel the strict ruling; why then is this not taught among the cases<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' 'Ed. IV, V.');"><sup>3</sup></span>

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6

אלא בית שמאי אומרים

in which Beth Shammai adopt the lenient ruling and Beth Hillel the strict ruling? - Rather this must be the interpretation: Beth Shammai say: One must clean [the mouth], and also rinse it; Beth Hillel say.

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7

מקנח והוא הדין למדיח

One must rinse [the mouth], and also clean it.

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8

וב"ה אומרים

But one [school] mentions one [requirement], the other [school] another, and they do not really differ.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' For they are agreed that both requirements are essential, namely, and cleaning and rinsing the mouth. As for washing the hands v. Asheri a.l. and Tur, Yoreh Deah, LXXXIX.');"><sup>4</sup></span>

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9

מדיח והוא הדין למקנח

The [above] text [stated]: R'Zera said: Cleaning the mouth must be done with bread only'.

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10

מר אמר חדא ומר אמר חדא ולא פליגי

This means only with wheaten bread but not with barley bread.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because it crumbles in the mouth and does not clean the mouth well.');"><sup>5</sup></span>

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11

גופא אמר רבי זירא

And even with wheaten bread it is allowed only if it is cold, but not if it is still warm, for it cleaves [to the palate].

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12

אין קינוח הפה אלא בפת

And it must be soft and not hard.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because it crumbles in the mouth and does not clean the mouth well.');"><sup>5</sup></span>

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13

והני מילי בדחיטי אבל בדשערי לא

The law is: Cleaning [the mouth] may be done with everything except flour, dates and vegetables.

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14

ודחיטי נמי לא אמרן אלא בקרירא אבל בחמימא משטר שטרי

R'Assi enquired of R'Johanan: How long must one wait between flesh and cheese?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e, after eating flesh how long must one wait before being allowed to eat cheese?');"><sup>6</sup></span>

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15

והני מילי ברכיכא אבל באקושא לא

- He replied.

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16

והלכתא

Nothing at all.

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17

בכל מילי הוי קינוח לבר מקמחא תמרי וירקא

But this cannot be, for R'Hisda said: If a person ate flesh he is forbidden to eat [after it] cheese, if he ate cheese he is permitted to eat [after it] flesh! - This indeed was the question.

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18

בעא מיניה רב אסי מרבי יוחנן

How long must one wait between cheese and flesh?

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19

כמה ישהה בין בשר לגבינה

And he replied.

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20

א"ל

Nothing at all.

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21

ולא כלום

The [above] text [stated]: R'Hisda said: If a person ate flesh he is forbidden to eat [after it] cheese, i cheese he is permitted to eat [after it] flesh'.

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22

איני והא אמר רב חסדא

R'Aha B'Joseph asked R'Hisda: What about the flesh that is between the teeth?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Must it be removed before one is about to eat cheese?');"><sup>7</sup></span>

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23

אכל בשר אסור לאכול גבינה גבינה מותר לאכול בשר

- He quoted [in reply] the verse: While the flesh was yet between their teeth.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Num. XI. 33. The suggestion is that the particles of flesh between the teeth are still termed 'flesh', and therefore must be removed before one may eat cheese.');"><sup>8</sup></span>

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24

אלא כמה ישהה בין גבינה לבשר

Mar 'Ukba said: In this matter I am as vinegar is to wine<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'vinegar the son of wine', i.e., 'I am inferior to my father', applied both in a religious and secular sense.');"><sup>9</sup></span>

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25

א"ל

compared with my father.

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26

ולא כלום

For if my father were to eat flesh now he would not eat cheese until this very hour to-morrow, whereas I do not eat [cheese] in the same meal but I do eat it in my next meal.

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27

גופא אמר רב חסדא

Samuel said: In this matter I am as vinegar is to wine compared with my father.

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28

אכל בשר אסור לאכול גבינה

For my father used to inspect his property twice a day, but I do so only once a day.

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29

גבינה מותר לאכול בשר

Samuel here follows his maxim, for Samuel declared: He who inspects his property daily will find an istira.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A silver coin equal to half a zuz. The meaning is that he who inspects his property daily will derive much profit, for he will be able to see that everything is in proper order, and no workman of his could take advantage of his absence.');"><sup>10</sup></span>

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30

אמר ליה רב אחא בר יוסף לרב חסדא

Abaye used to inspect his property daily.

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31

בשר שבין השינים מהו

One day he met his farmer-tenant carrying away a bundle of twigs.

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32

קרי עליה (במדבר יא, לג) הבשר עודנו בין שיניהם

Said to him [Abaye].

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33

אמר מר עוקבא

Where is this going to?

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34

אנא להא מלתא חלא בר חמרא לגבי אבא דאילו אבא כי הוה אכיל בשרא האידנא לא הוה אכל גבינה עד למחר עד השתא

He replied.

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35

ואילו אנא בהא סעודתא הוא דלא אכילנא לסעודתא אחריתא אכילנא

To my master's house.

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36

אמר שמואל

Said Abaye.

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37

אנא להא מלתא חלא בר חמרא לגבי אבא דאילו אבא הוה סייר נכסיה תרי זמני ביומא ואנא לא סיירנא אלא חדא זימנא

The Rabbis have long ago anticipated you.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By their advice to inspect one's property daily, whereby pilfering and theft is put a stop to.');"><sup>11</sup></span>

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38

שמואל לטעמיה דאמר שמואל

R'Assi used to inspect his property daily.

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39

מאן דסייר נכסיה כל יומא משכח אסתירא

He exclaimed: Where are all those istiras of the Master Samuel?

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40

אביי הוה סייר נכסיה כל יומא ויומא יומא חד פגע באריסיה דדרי פתכא דאופי

One day he saw that a pipe had burst on his land.

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41

אמר ליה

He took off his coat, rolled it up and stuffed it into the hole.

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42

הני להיכא

He then raised his voice and people came and stopped it up.

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43

אמר ליה

He exclaimed: Now I have found all those istiras of the Master Samuel.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' By being on the spot he was able to repair in time what might have been a serious disaster through inundation.');"><sup>12</sup></span>

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44

לבי מר

R'Idi B'Abin said in the name of R'Isaac B'Ashian: The first washing<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'the first water'; i.e., the washing of the hands before the meal.');"><sup>13</sup></span>

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45

אמר ליה

[of the hands] is a meritorious act the last washing<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'the last water ; i.e., the washing of the hands after the meal.');"><sup>14</sup></span>

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46

כבר קדמוך רבנן

is a bounden duty.

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47

רב אסי הוה סייר נכסיה כל יומא אמר

An objection was raised from the following: The first and last washing [of the hands] are bounden duties,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Whereas previously it was stated the washing before the meal was merely a meritorious act but not a duty.');"><sup>15</sup></span>

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48

היכא נינהו כל הני אסתירי דמר שמואל

the middle washing<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'the middle water'; i.e., the washing of the hands during the meal.');"><sup>16</sup></span>

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49

יומא חד חזא צינורא דבדקא בארעיה שקליה לגלימיה כרכיה אותביה בגוה

is a matter of free choice.

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50

רמא קלא אתו אינשי סכרוה

- A meritorious act as compared with a matter of free choice can well be termed a bounden duty.

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51

אשכחתינהו לכולהו איסתרי דמר שמואל:

[To return to] the main text: 'The first and last washing [of the hands] are bounden duties, the middle washing is a matter of free choice'.

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52

אמר רב אידי בר אבין אמר רב יצחק בר אשיין

The first washing may be performed either over a vessel or over the ground; the last washing must be performed over a vessel.

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53

מים ראשונים מצוה ואחרונים חובה

Others read: The last washing may not be performed over the ground.

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54

מיתיבי

.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The water does not run directly on to the ground, neither can it be said that it runs into a vessel: according to the second version this would be allowed, according to the first version it would not.');"><sup>17</sup></span>

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55

מים ראשונים ואחרונים חובה אמצעיים רשות

The first washing may be With either hot or cold water; the last washing must be with cold water only, because hot water softens the hands and does not remove the grease.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Which becomes absorbed all the more in the hands through hot water.');"><sup>18</sup></span>

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56

מצוה לגבי רשות חובה קרי לה

'The first washing may be with either hot or cold water'.

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57

גופא

R'Isaac B'Joseph said in the name of R'Jannai.

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58

מים ראשונים ואחרונים חובה אמצעיים רשות ראשונים נוטלין בין בכלי בין על גבי קרקע אחרונים אין נוטלין אלא בכלי

They said this only of [hot] water wherein the hand is not

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59

ואמרי לה

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60

אין נוטלין על גבי קרקע

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61

מאי בינייהו

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62

איכא בינייהו קינסא

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63

מים ראשונים נוטלין בין בחמין בין בצונן אחרונים אין נוטלין אלא בצונן מפני שחמין מפעפעין את הידים ואין מעבירין את הזוהמא:

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64

מים ראשונים נוטלין בין בחמין בין בצונן:

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65

אמר רב יצחק בר יוסף אמר רבי ינאי

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66

לא שנו אלא שאין היד

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